SAP

SAP AG develops business process software solutions designed to link nearly all transactions that occur during the normal course of everyday business across the entire organization. SAP AG is recognized as a worldwide leader in providing services. Seven of the top 10 companies in the world?and all of the top chemical companies?are SAP customers.

SAP applications, built around their latest R/3 system, provide the capability to manage financial, asset, and cost accounting, production operations and materials, personnel, plants, and archived documents. The R/3 system runs on a number of platforms including Windows 2000 and uses the client/server model. The latest version of R/3 includes a comprehensive Internet-enabled package. SAP has recently recast its product offerings under a comprehensive Web interface, called mySAP.com, and added new e-business applications, including customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain management (SCM).

SAP has several layers. The Basis System is the heart of the data operations and should be not evident to higher level or managerial users. Other customizing and implementation tools exist also. The heart of the system from a manager's viewpoint are the application modules. These modules may not all be implemented in a typical company but they are all related and are listed below:

Financial Accounting: Designed for automated management and external reporting of general ledger, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other sub-ledger accounts with a user defined chart of accounts. As entries are made relating to sales production and payments journal entries are automatically posted. This connection means that the "books" are designed to reflect the real situation.
CO Controlling: Represents the company's flow of cost and revenue. It is a management instrument for organizational decisions. It too is automatically updated as events occur.
AM Asset Management: Designed to manage and supervise individual aspects of fixed assets including purchase and sale of assets, depreciation and investment management.
PS Project System : Is designed to support the planning, control and monitoring of long-term, highly complex projects with defined goals.
WF Workflow:links the integrated SAP application modules with cross-application technologies, tools and services
IS Industry Solution: combine the SAP application modules and additional industry-specific functionality. Special techniques have been developed for industries such as banking, oil and gas, pharmaceuticals,etc.
HR Human Resources:is a complete integrated system for supporting the planning and control of personnel activities.
PM Plant Maintenance:In a complex manufacturing process maintenance means more than sweeping the floors. Equipment must be services and rebuilt. These tasks affect the production plans.
MM Materials Management:supports the procurement and inventory functions occurring in day-to-day business operations such as purchasing, inventory management, reorder point processing, etc.
QM Quality Management:is a quality control and information system supporting quality planning, inspection, and control for manufacturing and procurement.
PP Production Planning :is used to plan and control the manufacturing activities of a company. This module includes; bills of material,routings, work centers, sales and operations planning, master production scheduling, material requirements planning, shop floor control, production orders, product costing, etc.
SD Sales and Distribution:helps to optimize all the tasks and activities carried out in sales, delivery and billing. Key elements are; pre-sales support, inquiry processing, quotation processing, sales order processing, delivery processing, billing and sales information system.

SAP uses certain system wide features that should be understood at the outset. These are used to logically, safely and flexibly organize the data in a business enterprise.

Customizing is the configuring of the system to represent your organization's legal structure, reporting requirements and business processes. Internal reporting is a managerial tool in the daily operations. External reporting is required by governmental units controlling the legal structure of the corporation, such as, the IRS state taxingauthorities, SEC etc.
Organizational Elements
- Financial
  - client is a legal and organizationally independent unit at the highest level in SAP
  - company is an independent legal entity within a client
  - business areas are used to produce profit loss statements and balanced sheets across marketing lines
- Materials Management
  - Purchasing units
  - Plants
- Sales and Distribution
  - Sales Organization
  - Distribution channel
  - Division
Master Data is records that remain in the database over an extended period of time. Examples:
- Customer Master
- Vendor Master
- Material master
- Account Master
This structure eliminates redundant data and is shared by all SAP Modules. It is a critical aspect of the robustness of the system.
Employee Self Service your employees have access to the own HR records over the Internet.
Classification is the assignment of objects to a class.Each class has standard characteristics.
Matchcodesare query tools used to find specific information using search methods.
Security is administered for objects, profiles and authorizations. Users are only authorized to see or change the parts of the system required by their job responsibilities.

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